Transmission mechanism



y 14, 1929- G. c. CARHART 1,713,024

TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed March 26, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet l M. 02 ;a:y6'

w. a. CIARHAR "r Lmgmmm TRANSMI S S ION MEGHANI SM Film}, March 26, 1924 3 sheets sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNEl T R A H R A C C G TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed March 26, 1924 3 Sheets-$heet guy INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYC,

liter lid ti, tidhtithllttd, tilt it'tlhttttlltt Wtllth, dtdtit'El-lttillt fl tlt rnn lliBl'td t hl-ltdll ltt tfdhtitttltlh", tilt" tittiidehtttldlt, lt'dhd, h tldhhtitthtth'tt' hppiieetion tiled llterch 2th, tiled, tcrlel Ilto. tdtdttt.

lthis invention reletes to motion trensmission inechenisrns, such es one used in motor vehicles, such mechenisins including chenge speed trensinission geering, end hes torits object o perticulerly simple end ehicient con struction hp which the rotetehle memhers es the shetts, goers end clutches ot the trensmission geering ere relieved ot ell ower tending to turn them during geer shitting operetions, wherehy such operetions ere reedilp' ettected even hp en unskilled operetor without cleshing ot the goers, end hp which the motion ot any two driving end driven ports is synchronized hetore the nieinclutch hes heen egein telly engeged ether eech geer shitting operetion or hetore the resin clutch hes heen tully engeged etter the vehicle hes heen coesting with the resin clutch thrown out,

invention consists in the novel teetures end in the comhinetions end constructions hereinetter set torth end cleimed.

ln descrihing this invention, reterence is hed to the ecconipenying drewings in which lilre cherecters designete corresponding ports in ell the views, I

Figure l is e sectionel view ot e tronsmission niechenisrn emhodying my invention tehen on line li it, ll igure 2 Figure it is e sectionel view on line Ell- 2, Figure l,

Figure 3 is seotionel view on line 3 3, Figure t.

ltigures t end 5 ere deteil views ot the clutch ll igures t end ft ere treginentery eleve tions telren right engle to etch other ot portion the opereting rneens tor the reer clutches,

the trensneission shett ot e chenge speed geering, seid shett heing jonrnelled in e suitehle heering ll in the reer well ot nosing 8 ot the geering,

it is n driven shett which errenged in eniel elinenient with the trensmission shett ti, ".lhe driven. shett is journelled et its reer end in suitehle heering 3% in thereer w i ct e the trensniis ehle ns driven en treiisinissio l rinr dd, which is secured to er cesing 8 in en y suit screws ht, this god in elinement with t it end hes e pilot opposing end oil: the

. semhled in reletion hp" meens ot The triction clutch hetween the trensmis sion shett 6 end the driven shett 2 corn prises trictionellt engeged clutch sections mounted on end rotetehle respectively with the shetts ti end 2 end spring meens tor holding the sections engeged with e prede" termined ernount ot triction, one ot the sections heing shittehle egeinst the notion ot the springs out ot engegeinent with the other,

the clutch here shown is ot the cone type end the section 35 mounted on the trensinis sion shett t projects within the seeing 335 end, es here shown, is mounted on end termed integrel with e huh 36 termed on the trensrnission shett it, end the section 3'? is mounted on the shett 2 to. rotete therewith, end shittelole erielly thereot, the section ht constituting en outer drum heving econicel tece end the section heing the inner drum. heving e complementery conicel toes. The

, sections ere held engeged hy e plurelity ot springs es interposed hetween e spring shu ment d9 rotetelole with the 93 end the hood d0 ot the clutch section 3t",

lthe shett 2, es here shown, is e spline shett end the ehutment 39 end the heed dd ere shown es interloched with the shett The heed is shown es termed with ripherel notches (ill, which receive tongues it on the drum portion. ot the section Ed the drum portion end the heed held e shop or loch ring id The triction hetween he sec tions 35 end 3? ot the triction clutch such es to permit slipping ot one section reletively to the other end constructed to syn chroniee reletive roteticn ot the sh h when the shett it is disengeged t shett d. The section ht is shittehle eeiellp' ot the shett end egeinst the springs 38, to disengege the clutch sections,

AS seen in ltigure it, the ehutinent 3 ll end "tit shaft2'is provided aclutch member or members adapted when operated to engage or disengage such clutch teeth 44.

As here shown, there are two clutch members, each of which is a key 45 extending lengthwise of the shaft2 within the clutch sections 35 and 37 and arranged in grooves or keyways 46, the keys 45 beingso shaped that when in their lnoperative positions their teeth 45 lie entirely. below the periphcry of the shaft 2, and when in the1r operative position portions or teeth 45 project above the eripher ofthe shaft 2 in order to interloc with t e teeth or enter the recesses44. Usually, the grooves 46 are arc shaped and the keys '45 are lso arc-shaped and roll or rock in the groove to project the out portions or teeth 45 the eof above the periphery of the shaft 2 o to withdraw their portions or teeth 45 bel w the eriphcry of the shaft 2, which actixe portions, as before stated, coact with the recesses 44 in the hub of the transmission shaft 6. There are two keys 45 arranged oppositely to each other, one being arranged to drive in one direction and the other in the opposite direction.

The means for operating or rolling the keys, comprises a collar 47 mounted on the shaft 2 and slidable axially thereof between oppositely inclined shoulders or cam faces 48 and 49 on each of the keys. When the collar 47 isshifted in one direction it engages the shoulders 48 and rolls the keys45 out of engagement with the teeth 44 and when it is moved in the opposite direction,

1 the collar engages the inclined faces or cams 49 and rolls the keys into engagement with the teeth 44. This collar is normally spaced from the head of the shiftable clutch section 37 and, after it has been shifted into engagement with the cam faces 48 and hence rolled the keys out of engagement with the teeth 44, it traverses the remaining space between it and the head 40 and hence takes up the lost motion between said collar and the head 40, and then shifts the clutch section 37 out of engagement with the section ably arranged in one side of such groove,'

that is, the side on which the fork thrusts when rolling the keys 45 out of their engaging position, and when shifting the clutch section 37 out of engagement with the section 35. The shaft 51 extends to the ozitsidc of the case 33. The shaft 51 is usually operated by the main clutch pedal 31 that IS,

the clutch pedal for operating the main clutch of a motor vehicle.

The connection between the pedal 31 and e lever 58 pivoted to the outside ofthe casing and to which the rear end of the link 55 is 51 to cause the fork 50 to thrust the collar 47 to the right against the shoulders 48 of the keys 45 and hence roll the keys out of engagement with the teeth 44. During the latterpart of the straightening of the links 60, 61 the collar takes up the lost motion between it and the clutch section A? and shifts the clutch section 3? out of engagement with the section 35, so that the shaft 2 is disconnected from the shaft 6 and, while the collar 47 is taking up the lost motion, any relative rotation is permitted by the friction clutch members 35, 37.

The pedal 31 is thus operated first to partially or fully disengage the main clutch before the clutch keys 45 are operated to disengage from the clutch face of the transmission shaft 6, and the clutch keys 45 are disengaged froin the teeth 44- of the shaft 6 in advance of the disengagement of the friction clutch section 37. Vihen the clutch pedal 31 is released to let in the main clutch, the collar 47 is moved to the left and permits the springs 38 to engage the friction clutch sections 35, 37 in advance of the engaging of the keys 45 with the teeth 44, by the collar 47 acting on the inclined faces 49 of the keys 45. During the momentary interval occurring after the friction clutch sections 37, 35, are engaged, the driven shaft 2 is driven through the friction clutch sections 35, 37 and the motion of such shafts 6 and 2 synchronized before the keys are rolled into their engaging position.

In operation, when it is desired shift gears or clutches of the transmission gearmg, the clutch pedal 1S depressed, thus disconnecting the engine shaft from the transmission gearing and also disconnecting the clutch members or keys 45 from the transmisison shaft 6, and thereafter disconnecting the clutch section 37 from 'the clutch section 35, so that, the transmission. gearing is relieved of all driving force, both the driving force of the engine and the driving force, due to the momentum of the vehicle thro ugh the propeller shaft and the driven shaft The gearshifting operation is then per anaestformed by operating the usual shifting lever of a transmission gearing, while the gears arerelieved of the driving force. After the gear shifting operation is performed, the clutch pedal 31 is released, first engaging the main clutch, then engaging the friction clutch 35,37, so that the relative rotation of the shafts 2 "and 6- is synchronized, then engaging the clutch keys 45 after the rela tive rotation of the shafts 2 and 6 is synchronized through the friction clutch.

What I claim is:

it. In a transmission mechanism, the combination of axially alined shafts arranged end to end, one having a pilot bearing in the other, frictionally engaged clutch sections mounted on the opposing ends of said shafts and rotatable therewith, one of said all sections being shift able, one of said shafts having internal clutch teeth around and running close to the periphery of the other shaft, and the other shaft being formed with lengthwise grooves, keys in the grooves and movable therein to engage and disengage such clutch teeth, and means mounted on one of the shafts to operate the keys and the shiftable friction clutch section.

2. la a transmission mechanism, the combination of axially alined shafts arranged end to end, one having a pilotbearing in the other, frictionally engaged clutch sections mounted on the opposing ends of saidshafts and rotatable therewith, one of said sections being shiftable, one of said shafts having internal clutch teeth around and running close to the periphery of the other shaft and the other shaft being formed with lengthwise grooves, keys in the grooves and movable therein to engage and disengage such clutch teeth, the keys extending lengthwise of the shaft within the friction clutch sections, and a collar slidable on one of the shafts and coacting with the keys to operate the same, and movable into engagement with the shiftable friction clutch section, the collar being spaced apart from such shifting clutch section to provide a lost motion connection between the collar and such section,

3. In a transmission mechanism, the combination of axially alined shafts, friction ally engaged clutch sections mounted on the opposing ends of said shafts and rotatable therewith, one of said shafts having internal clutch teeth around and running close to the periphery of the other shaft and the other shaft being formed with lengthwise grooves, rotatable keys in the groves and means slid able axially of one of the shafts to rotate engaged clutch sections mounted. on the opposing ends of said shafts and rotatable therewith, one of said sections being shift- 'able axially and means tending to shift it axially to engage it with the other section,

one of the shafts having internal clutch teeth around and running close to the periphery of the other shaft, rotatable keys associated with the latter shaft and rotatable into and out of position to engage with said 7 teeth and'a collar slidable axially of the latter shaft and coacting with the keys to rotate them and also to shift the shiftable clutch section out of engaging position when moved in one direction.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto signed my name, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, and Stateof New York, this 21st day of March, 1924.

' GEURGE O. GARHhldl,

Bil 

